It's not possible to get any DNA fro 200 million year old plant fossils, but it turns out that the organic molecules in the leaves have distinctive chemical signatures. In a recent paper, scientists from Lund University in Sweden show how to use these chemical signatures to reconstruct plant phylogeny. Here is a press release that describes the work. Here's the paper.
Dinosaurs of the US National Parks
This blog post offers a nice overview of the dinosaurs found on land managed by the US National Park Service. There aren't as many as you might think, but it's still an interesting survey.
The "Hippopotamine Event"
A new paper appearing this week in the Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology helps to fill in a gap in the fossil record for hippos. Fossils from Chorora, Ethiopia, provide new information about the rapid diversification and increase in abundance of hippos that occurred around 8 million years ago. Here is a report on the work in Nature.
Important Caecilian fossils from the Triassic shed some light on the early evolution of amphibians
A new paper just published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences promises to shed some light on the relationships of early amphibians. It looks like caecilians, which still exist today, were around way back in the Triassic, and that they may have been closely related to stereospondylids. Here is an accessible summary of the research.
New insights on speciation in birds
New research published in PNAS looks at the rate at which genetic differences accumulate in populations of birds. Here is a summary of the work. And here's the original paper. The researchers assessed the rate of genetic differentiation in 173 species of birds, and then showed that higher rates of genetic differentiation correlate with higher speciation rates over longer timescales.
H. sapiens might be older than we thought
Human remains found in Morocco at a site called Jebel Irhoud suggest that our species might be much older than anyone thought--possibly 300,000 years old. Here is a summary of the work. Here is the paper in Nature. And here is a second paper that covers the techniques used to date the remains. The researchers used thermoluminescence dating on lithics that were associated with the human skeletal remains.
Baby Bird Preserved in Amber
Here is a report on the remarkable fossil from Myanmar.
T. rex had scaly skin
Mummified Nodosaur from Alberta
Wherein Turner wins a thing, and we embarrass him
“one of the most productive, original and well-respected scholars in multiple emerging subfields in the philosophy of science.”
http://www.conncoll.edu/news/news-archive/2017/four-honored-with-colleges-highest-faculty-awards.html#.WQulXca1s2x
A Bold (maybe too bold?) Claim About the Arrival of Humans in N. America
A new paper in Nature argues that humans might have been harvesting mastodons in California as far back as 130,000 years ago. Here is an accessible summary. But see here for a skeptical takedown.
The Phylogeny of H. floresiensis
A new paper in the Journal of Human Evolution presents evidence against the hypothesis that the "Hobbits" of the island of Flores are descended from H. erectus. Instead, the authors argue that we have to go deeper into the family tree to find the common ancestor that we humans share with H. floresiensis. Here's an accessible summary of the findings.
Early archosaur from Tanzania with Croc-like ankles
A new paper in Nature reports on Teleocrater, an early Triassic archosaur, more closely related to dinosaurs and birds than to crocodilians, but with ankle bones that retain some croc-like features. The New York Times also reports on the research here.
Rethinking the dinosaur family tree
A new study published in Nature challenges the deeply entrenched distinction between ornithischian and saurischian dinosaurs. What if therapods were more closely related to ornithischian dinosaurs than they were to sauropods? Here is a nice discussion of the research in The Atlantic.
Pinning down the timing of the bison invasion of N. America
A recent paper in PNAS uses ancient DNA research to determine when bison first "invaded" North and South America. The iconic symbols of the N. American west haven't actually been here that long. It turns out that the first migration of bison from Asia occurred between 195 and 135 thousand years ago. Here is a shorter report on the research from The New York Times.
Gregg Caruso on Fossil Hunting
Over at the philospher's cacoon, Gregg Caruso (philosopher at SUNY Corning) discusses his passion for fossil hunting.
"Mitigation and salvage paleontology"
This article in the Washington Post describes efforts to protect fossils at construction sites in California.
A platinum anomaly provides suggestive evidence of a Younger Dryas impact
Understanding the causes of the end-Pleistocene megafaunal extinctions in the western hemisphere is really complicated. Recently we shared news of research that appeared to count against the Younger Dryas impact hypothesis. But a new paper offers fresh evidence in favor of that hypothesis: Traces of platinum found at archaeological sites of the right age.
New podcast features interviews with philosophers of science
Nick Zautra (Indiana University) interviews philosophers of science, including one previous contributor to the Extinct Blog.
Interactive Map for the Paleobiology Database
This is really fun! You can now see which fossils have been found in a particular region.